Organic Compound: Nomeclature
Thursday, April 14, 2011 /5:38 PM
Organic Chemistry:
-O.C is the sutdy of Carbon compounds
-carbon forms multiple covalent bonds
-carbon compounds can form chains, rings or branches
-there are less than 100,000 non-organic compounds
-the organic compounds number more than 7,000,000
-the simplest organic compound are made up of hygrogen and carbon
eg. H H H
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H-C-H = CH4 H- C -C-H =CH3CH3
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H H H
-Saturated compounds have no double or triple bonds
-Compounds with only single bonds are called Alkanes and always end in -ane
-3 categories of Organic compounds
1) Straight chains
2) Cylic chains
3) Aromatics
STRAIGHT CHAINS (rules for naming):
1. Circle the longest continuous chain and name this as the
base chain
- meth, eth, prop...
2. Number the base chain so side chains have the lowest possible numbers
3. Name each side chain using the -yl ending
4. Give each side chain the appropriate number
- if there is more than one side chain, numbers / labels
are slightly different
5. List side chains alphabetically.
Name the folllowing compounds:
1) 2,2 diethyl 4 methyl pentane because the longest chain is 5 highlighted in red. The one's circled in dark blue are the side chains. The number that is written in there is the numbering system in the lowest as possible.
2) 2 methyl propane because the longest chain is 3. It doesn't mater how you number it because the side chain will always be two if you count one way and vise-versa.
Now it's time to draw the following compunds:
1) 2,3 dimethyl butane
2) 3 methly hexane [not all side chains chains will be in a straight line they can turn off into another direction]
3) 2,2,3 trimethylpentane
~christina chow :]
